How to Use Mysql Database in Python
In order to use MySQL connectivity with Python, you must have some knowledge of SQL
Before diving deep, let's understand
What is MySQL?
MySQL is an Open-Source database and one of the best type of RDBMS (Relational Database Management System). Co-founder of MySQLdb is Michael Widenius's, and also MySQL name derives from the daughter of Michael.
In this tutorial, you will learn
- What is MySQL?
- How to Install MySQL
- Install MySQL Connector Library for Python
- Test the MySQL Database connection with Python
- Creating Database in MySQL using Python
- Create a Table in MySQL with Python
- Create a Table with Primary Key
- ALTER table in MySQL with Python
- Insert Operation with MySQL in Python
How to Install MySQL Connector Python on Windows, Linux/Unix
Install MySQL in Linux/Unix:
Download RPM package for Linux/Unix from Official site: https://www.mysql.com/downloads/
In terminal use following command
rpm -i <Package_name>
Example rpm -i MySQL-5.0.9.0.i386.rpm
To check in Linux
mysql --version
Install MySQL in Windows
Download MySQL database exe from official site and install as usual normal installation of software in Windows. Refer this tutorial, for a step by step guide
How to Install MySQL Connector Library for Python
Here is how to connect MySQL with Python:
For Python 2.7 or lower install using pip as:
pip install mysql-connector
For Python 3 or higher version install using pip3 as:
pip3 install mysql-connector
Test the MySQL Database connection with Python
To test MySQL database connectivity in Python here, we will use pre-installed MySQL connector and pass credentials into connect() function like host, username and password as shown in the below Python MySQL connector example.
Syntax to access MySQL with Python:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="hostname", user="username", passwd="password" )
Example:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="localhost", user="root", passwd="root" ) print(db_connection)
Output:
<mysql.connector.connection.MySQLConnection object at 0x000002338A4C6B00>
Here output shows the connection created successfully.
Creating Database in MySQL using Python
Syntax to Create new database in SQL is
CREATE DATABASE "database_name"
Now we create database using database programming in Python
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host= "localhost", user= "root", passwd= "root" ) # creating database_cursor to perform SQL operation db_cursor = db_connection.cursor() # executing cursor with execute method and pass SQL query db_cursor.execute("CREATE DATABASE my_first_db") # get list of all databases db_cursor.execute("SHOW DATABASES") #print all databases for db in db_cursor: print(db) Output:
Here above image shows the my_first_db database is created
Create a Table in MySQL with Python
Let's create a simple table "student" which has two columns as shown in the below MySQL connector Python example.
SQL Syntax:
CREATE TABLE student (id INT, name VARCHAR(255))
Example:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="localhost", user="root", passwd="root", database="my_first_db" ) db_cursor = db_connection.cursor() #Here creating database table as student' db_cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE student (id INT, name VARCHAR(255))") #Get database table' db_cursor.execute("SHOW TABLES") for table in db_cursor: print(table) Output:
('student',) Create a Table with Primary Key
Let's create an Employee table with three different columns. We will add a primary key in id column with AUTO_INCREMENT constraint as shown in the below Python project with database connectivity.
SQL Syntax:
CREATE TABLE employee(id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), salary INT(6))
Example:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="localhost", user="root", passwd="root", database="my_first_db" ) db_cursor = db_connection.cursor() #Here creating database table as employee with primary key db_cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE employee(id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), salary INT(6))") #Get database table db_cursor.execute("SHOW TABLES") for table in db_cursor: print(table) Output:
('employee',) ('student',) ALTER table in MySQL with Python
Alter command is used for modification of Table structure in SQL. Here we will alter Student table and add a primary key to the id field as shown in the below Python MySQL connector project.
SQL Syntax:
ALTER TABLE student MODIFY id INT PRIMARY KEY
Example:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="localhost", user="root", passwd="root", database="my_first_db" ) db_cursor = db_connection.cursor() #Here we modify existing column id db_cursor.execute("ALTER TABLE student MODIFY id INT PRIMARY KEY") Output:
Here below you can see the id column is modified.
Insert Operation with MySQL in Python:
Let's perform insertion operation in MySQL Database table which we already create. We will insert data oi STUDENT table and EMPLOYEE table.
SQL Syntax:
INSERT INTO student (id, name) VALUES (01, "John") INSERT INTO employee (id, name, salary) VALUES(01, "John", 10000)
Example:
import mysql.connector db_connection = mysql.connector.connect( host="localhost", user="root", passwd="root", database="my_first_db" ) db_cursor = db_connection.cursor() student_sql_query = "INSERT INTO student(id,name) VALUES(01, 'John')" employee_sql_query = " INSERT INTO employee (id, name, salary) VALUES (01, 'John', 10000)" #Execute cursor and pass query as well as student data db_cursor.execute(student_sql_query) #Execute cursor and pass query of employee and data of employee db_cursor.execute(employee_sql_query) db_connection.commit() print(db_cursor.rowcount, "Record Inserted")
Output:
2 Record Inserted
How to Use Mysql Database in Python
Source: https://www.guru99.com/python-mysql-example.html